Which scenario illustrates sensory memory?

Sensory memory refers to the very brief retention of sensory information from the environment, typically lasting only a few seconds. It serves as an initial stage of memory where we briefly hold onto raw sensory data before it is processed further.

In the context of the scenarios provided, the instance of smelling your dinner cooking as you walk past the oven is the most fitting example of sensory memory. This scenario captures the spontaneous and fleeting experience of sensory input—specifically, the smell—which occurs in the present moment and requires immediate attention. The scent is a direct experience that is quickly noted by your sensory receptors but does not involve deeper cognitive processing or long-term storage.

In contrast, recalling a past vacation or your house number involves the retrieval of information from long-term memory, reflecting previously stored experiences or learned facts. Memorizing a song's lyrics also entails the effortful processing and encoding of information into memory, moving beyond the immediate sense perception that characterizes sensory memory. These examples rely on established memory systems rather than the brief, instantaneous snapshots of sensory experiences that define sensory memory.