Which of the following is an example of observational learning?

Observational learning occurs when an individual acquires new behaviors or information by watching others and imitating their actions. The example of a child cleaning their room because they saw their parents do it perfectly illustrates this concept, as the child is learning through observation and modeling. By watching their parents engage in the behavior, the child notes the action and then replicates it, demonstrating how observation can influence learning.

In contrast, the other options focus on different types of learning. For instance, receiving a reward for doing well in school is an example of operant conditioning, where behaviors are influenced by reinforcement rather than observation. Avoiding chores after receiving punishment also falls under operant conditioning, as it involves a response to negative consequences rather than learning by watching others. Lastly, learning to tie shoes by reading a manual represents a method of instructional learning, which relies on textual guidance rather than observational cues. Thus, the first option is the only one that exemplifies observational learning.