What term describes the process of strengthening a response in the brain through repetition?

The correct term that describes the process of strengthening a response in the brain through repetition is long-term potentiation. This phenomenon refers to the enduring increase in synaptic strength following repetitive stimulation of the same synapses. Long-term potentiation is crucial for learning and memory, as it enhances the efficiency of synaptic transmission. When neurons are activated frequently, the connections between them become stronger, which makes it easier for them to communicate in the future. This biological process is a foundational concept in understanding how experiences and learning can lead to lasting changes in the brain.

The other options pertain to different aspects of memory and learning. Short-term memory relates to the temporary storage of information. Semantic encoding refers to the process of converting information into a format that makes it meaningful, which aids in memory retention, but doesn't specifically denote strengthening through repetition. Procedural memory involves the memory of how to perform certain tasks or skills, which is distinct from the neurological strengthening described in long-term potentiation.