What term describes episodes of extreme mood elevation and energy, often seen in bipolar disorder?

The term that describes episodes of extreme mood elevation and energy, often associated with bipolar disorder, is mania. During a manic episode, individuals may experience heightened levels of excitement, euphoria, and increased activity or energy. This state can also lead to impulsivity, poor decision-making, and a decreased need for sleep. Manic episodes are a defining characteristic of bipolar disorder and can significantly impact a person's functionality and relationships.

In contrast, depression refers to a low mood state rather than elevated energy, anxiety involves excessive worry or fear but does not specifically denote a mood elevation, and hypomania is a less severe form of mania, characterized by increased energy and mood elevation, but it does not reach the same intensity as full-blown mania. Understanding these distinctions is crucial in recognizing mood disorders and their various manifestations.