What psychological condition involves disturbances in thinking, emotions, behavior, and perception?

The psychological condition that involves disturbances in thinking, emotions, behavior, and perception is schizophrenia. This disorder is characterized by a range of symptoms that can significantly affect an individual's day-to-day functioning.

Individuals with schizophrenia may experience delusions (strongly held false beliefs), hallucinations (sensory experiences without a source, such as hearing voices), disorganized thinking, and impaired emotional regulation. These disturbances lead to challenges in distinguishing reality from their perceptions, which can affect their relationships, work, and overall quality of life.

In contrast, other conditions listed reflect different aspects of mental health. For instance, mania primarily involves an elevated mood and increased activity levels, while obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by unwanted intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. Generalized anxiety disorder primarily features excessive worry and anxiety about various aspects of life but does not encompass the same broad spectrum of cognitive and perceptual disturbances seen in schizophrenia.