How does long-term memory differ from short-term memory?

Long-term memory is characterized by its capacity to store information for extended periods, potentially ranging from minutes to a lifetime. This starkly contrasts with short-term memory, which typically retains information for only a few seconds to a couple of minutes. The duration and capacity of long-term memory is significant because it allows individuals to retain knowledge, experiences, and skills over time. This robust system enables the consolidation of information through processes like encoding and retrieval, leading to a more stable and lasting storage compared to short-term memory. Understanding this distinction is crucial as it highlights how the brain organizes and manages the vast amount of information we encounter throughout our lives.